How to Calculate Duration, Work Hours, and Countdowns
Accurate time calculation is the backbone of fair pay, correct invoices, and reliable planning. Whether you are a freelancer logging billable hours, an HR manager checking Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) compliance, or simply counting the days to an event, this calculator gives exact, to-the-minute results — free, with no sign-up, right in your browser.
Calculating the hours between two times
Subtract the start time from the end time. If the start minutes are larger than the end minutes, borrow 60 minutes
from the hours column. For example, 09:15 to 17:45 is 8 hours 30 minutes. If the end is
earlier than the start, the span runs past midnight — just carry the count into the next day (22:00 to 06:00 is 8 hours).
This gross duration is the raw span before any break is deducted.
Gross vs. net hours and converting to decimal
Net work time is what remains after you subtract unpaid breaks from the gross span. Payroll records it
in decimal hours rather than hours-and-minutes: decimal hours = hours + (minutes ÷ 60), so 8 hours
15 minutes is 8.25 decimal hours. Industrial minutes are hundredths of an hour — 30 real minutes
equal 50 industrial minutes (0.50 h), not 30. The calculator returns gross, net, and the decimal value in one step,
so you can multiply directly by your hourly wage.
Breaks, overtime, and time zones
Most labour rules require an unpaid rest break — typically 20–30 minutes — once a shift passes 6 hours, and that break is not paid working time. Under the US FLSA, overtime is a weekly threshold: hours worked beyond 40 in a workweek are paid at 1.5× the regular rate, not simply anything over 8 in a day. All calculations also account for leap years and Daylight Saving Time (DST) by reading your browser's local timezone offset.